X, Y
denotes the term
','(X, Y)
in standard syntax.
(X)
denotes simply the term X.
{X}
denotes the term
'{}'(X)
in standard syntax.
-3
denotes an integer, whereas -(3)
denotes a compound term of which the principal functor is -/1
.
The double quote character "
within a string must be written
twice for every time it is to appear in the string. That is,
""""
represents a string of one double quote character only. Similarly, for the single quote character within a quoted atom,
''''
represents an atom whose printed representation is one single quote character.